Gynecologic Cancer: Introduction
The ovaries are two in the pelvis, one on each side of the uterus. They have the shape and size of an almond, and both produce eggs and female hormones (estrogen and progesterone), which are responsible for designing and feminine traits of body and to regulate menstruation and pregnancy among other things. Ovarian cancer accounts for 4% of cancers affecting women.
Ovarian cysts are benign tumors that usually disappear spontaneously. In the event that persist or grow, your doctor may remove. There are three types of malignancies, which are formed on the surface of the ovaries and are called epithelial carcinoma is the most common. Also, but much less common, can occur in cancer cells that produce the eggs and tissues surrounding the ovary.
The most common metastatic ovarian cancer occur in the peritoneum, which is the bag that covers the intestines. In these cases there is no ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdomen), while if it reaches the blood or lymphatic system, cancer cells can travel throughout the body, which increases the likelihood of metastases in other parts of the body.
The cervix, also called the cervix, vagina connects with the cavity of the uterus is covered by the endometrium. Cervical cancer is also known as squamous cell carcinoma, because the cells lining their surfaces are flat and very thin, as if the stairs were.
Scientists believe that not all abnormal cells in the cervix that are carcinogenic, but it is advisable to conduct regular check-ups because it can be the first step toward cancer. Sometimes it is made up of intraepithelial lesions of abnormal tissue that appears only on the surface of the cervix. Often occur mainly in women 25 to 35 years, and sometimes disappear spontaneously. The most serious cases are women 30 to 40 years and can take months or even years to cause cancer. Going beyond the surface and grow in depth of the uterine cervix and are called invasive lesions usually after 40 years.
The uterus is the hollow in which the fetus develops. It is composed of two layers of different tissues: the inner, very thin, which is called the endometrium and external, consisting of muscle and myometrium call. Most tumors of the uterus occur after menopause.
You can give three cases of benign abnormalities which, if not disappear in a natural way, can be solved by surgery. Fibromas are groups of cells that grow in the muscle of the uterus and never result in cancer. Another type of this disorder is endometriosis. It occurs mainly in women 30 to 40 years who have never been pregnant and growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus or other organs. Finally, the hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells on the surface of the uterus is usually treated with hormones or surgery.
The most common metastatic cancer of the uterus occurs in the lymph nodes and other organs like the lungs, liver and bones.
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